APA Forms and Styles
Document your study throughout the text by citing by author and date the works you used in your research. This style of citation briefly identifies the source for readers and enables them to locate the source of information in the alphabetical reference list at the end of the article. (See sections 4.03 to 4.15 on the preparation of the reference list.)
Include the surname of the author and the year of publication that are inserted in the text at the appropriate point:
Walker (2000) compared reaction times
In a recent study of reaction times (Walker, 2000)
Magazine article
Kandel, E.R., & Squire, L. R. (2000, November 10). Neuroscience:
Breaking down scientific barriers to the study of brain and mind. Science, 290, 1113-1120.
Daily newspaper article, no author
New drug appears to sharply cut risk of death from heart failure.
(1993, July 15). The Washington Post, p. A12
· In text, use a short title for the parenthetical citation: (“New Drug,” 1993).
Books, Brochures, and Book Chapters
Elements of a reference to an entire book
Beck, C. A. J., & Sales, B. D. (2001). Family mediation: Facts, myths, and future prospects. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Book authors or editors: Beck, C. A. J., & Sales, B. D.
Date of publication: (2001).
Book title: Family mediation: Facts, myths, and future prospects.
Publication information: Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Edited book
Gibbs, J.T., & Huang, L. N. (Eds.). (1991). Children of color: Psychological interventions with minority youth. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Note: For a book with just one author and an editor as well, list the editor in the parentheses after the title, as a translator is treated (see Example 32).
Motion picture
Scorsese, M. (Producer), & Lonergan, K. (Writer/Director). (2000).
You can count on me [Motion picture]. United States: Paramount Pictures.
· Give the name and, in parentheses, the function of the originator or primary contributors (the director or the producer, or both).
· Identify the work as a motion picture in brackets immediately after the title.
Television series
Miller, R. (Producer). (1989). The mind [Television series]. New York: WNET.
Music recording
Writer, A. (Date of copyright). Title of song [Recorded by artist if different from writer]. On Title of album [Medium of recording: CD, record, cassette, etc.]. Location: Label. (Recording date if different from copyright date)
*Using and citing Internet sources should observe the following two guidelines:
1.) Direct readers as closely as possible to the information being cited—whenever possible, reference specific documents rather than home or menu pages.
2.) Provide addresses that work.
*A reference of an Internet source should provide a document title or description, a date (either the date of publication or update or the date of retrieval), and an address (in Internet terms, a uniform resource locator, or URL). Whenever possible, identify the authors of a document as well.
http://www.apa.org/monitor/oct00/workplace.html
*http://= protocol
Hilts, P.J. (1999, February 16). In forecasting their emotions, most people flunk out. New York Times. Retrieved November 21, 2000, from http://www.nytimes.com